Tunnel nozzle for rectangular coke ovens



' Patented Feb. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER S.KNOWLES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO TAR & PETROLEUM PROCESSCOMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS TUNNEL NOZZLEFOR RECTANGULAR COKE OVENS Application filed May 27, 1927. Serial N'o.194,581.

My invention relates to means for distributing the air and wastel heatin each iue of a rect-angular, sole-ired, coke oven, heated by aplurality of independent sole combustion tlues arranged beneath the soleof the oven and more particularly to a plurality of tunnel nozzles foreach flue for supplying and distributing a portion of the air from someof the regenerators to the combustion flues and for discharging wasteheat gases from said fiues to -other regenerators.

Rectangular ovens in which the oven sole is of substantially rectangularshape, form a class of ovens having broad soles, the ovens being heatedfrom beneath the sole. In such ovens, the admission of atmospheric airinto the charge is excluded and the by-products and coke are obtained`from the coal by heating the broad sole of the oven.

In my Patent No. 1,635,280, a rectangular, sole-fired coke oven is shownin which separate parallel and adjacent sole combustion liues are usedfor heating the oven chamber and in which the air may be preheated andsupplied periodically, at intervals., by 'means of individualregenerato'rs for each flue.

One .of .the objects of my invention is to provide each combustion flueof a rectangular loven with a plurality of distributing tunnel nozzlesfor supplying a portion of the air from one of the regeneratorsv to theflue and for discharging lwaste heat gases from the I `said lueto theother regenerator connected with the flue. d .K

With the above andl other objects in View,

ymy invention consists in thepartsimprove ments and combinations morefully pointed out hereinafter.

l Referring now to the drawings;

Figure 1 shows a lon 'tudinallcross-section' through the ovenlWhenprovided with a pairl of distributing tunnel nozzles each of thecombustion figues ofthe oven. n

Figure 2, is an enlargedl ngitudin'al detail sectionl showing the'adjustable tunnel nozzle.

r Figure 3, is a det-ail cross'l-sectlion ron line 3--3 of Figure 2,'Vshowing the tunnels 'in place intheflues.-, i( 4" Figure 4, is aperspective view'kof one of the sections of the tunnelr nozzle.

` dampers 32a.

The coke oven illustrated in the drawings will rst be briefly described.

In the drawings 1 indicates the iat tops of the oven supplied withcharging openings 2, for supplying coal to the oven, the b -products ofgas being taken olf by stan pipe 3. Each front of the oven chamber isprovided with a door 4, 5.

Under each oven sole extends a plurality of ing up the kheat from theiues and supplying' it in part to the regenerators As illustrated aplurality of air regenerators for preheating the air supplied to thecombustion fiues, is provided there being two hairpin regenerators whichalternately and periodically supply air to and receive the products ofcombust-ion from each heatingv flue.- `These air regenerators areprovided with a regenerator checkerworkl 27, and each regeneratorcomprises a pair' of iues 21, 22 separated by a division wall 30, theregenerator extending below and parallel to the combustion flue aboveit. Air is supplied to the regenerators by separate air admission pipes31', provided with openings, closed by remo'vable plugs 31". Waste heatdischarge pipes 32,V 'are also provided controlled Aby slide Gas issupplied to the combustion flues by separate gas pipes-33, one

-for each combustion flue.v Preheated air f reaches vthey combustionflue from its regenerator thru .port-34, the amount of openingqof the.port vbeing ,adjustable by yslide brick 35. Removable brick 36, inlfront of the slidebrick permits adjustment of the latter. lInspectionports 37 ,having removableplugs (not, shown), permit the inspec- `tionof the regenerators.

Coming now to my invention, means are provided for distributing theairfand waste heat gases ineach'fiuesoasto provide increased heating inthe-tluesy toward the middle of the boven andso as to also 'decrease theheating at the ends of the oven, thereby producing a uniform heating ofeach flue in long ovens.

As illustrated, two or more distributing tunnel nozzles 45, areprovided, one or more for each end of each flue. The shape of thenozzles may be varied and they are preferably made of refractorymaterial. As shown each nozzle consists of a series of U-shaped sections46. These sections may be joined as at 47, and one or more sections maybe used, the nozzle being correspondingly lengthened or shortened asdesired. The front end of each nozzle is closed by the end Wall48 of thesection and the rear end 49, i. e. theend at the interior of the flue,is open. By making the nozzle U-shaped with an open bottom, air may besupplied to the nozzles thru supplementary openings 50, 5l, made in thesilica bricks l5, separating the regenerator from the sole of the oven.Slide dampers (not shown) may be provided for adjusting the openings 50,5l.

The roof ofeachtunnel nozzlesection is preferably provided with anauxiliary opening at 52, permitting the discharge of air or the receiptof Waste heat gases, when the oven is in operation. The nozzle may beadjusted so as to assume various positions along the flue sole,'one suchposition being shown in full lines and another in dotted lines in Fig.2, this bein done by means of an adjusting rod inserted y removingbricks 35, 36, at the end of the flue.

As shown when one nozzle at one end of a flue is receiving andydistributing preheated air for combustion coming through the open ing51, the other nozzle is receiving some of the Waste gas and deliveringit through the opening 50, into the regenerator. On reversal of theoven, the flow of air and Waste gas is reversed through theregenerators, the openings and the nozzles.

It Will be observed that gas is alternately admitted through the usualburner pipes 33, at the end of the flue. The amount of air forcombustion admitted through the air Opening 34, at the end of the flue,may be regulated and depends upon the length of the flue and thecharacter of the gas to be burned. The intensity of the heat at theouter end of the flue may thus be regulated and reduced. The excess,unburnt gas is subsequently burned hy combining with the air forcombustion which enters the nozzle through the supplementary opening.The movable nozzle distributes this air for combustion toward the centerof of the flue, to more uniformly heat the flue lengthwise. While thisis going on, the nozzle in the other end of the flue receives a part ofthe Waste gas and conveys it through its supplementary opening at theother end, Where it passes into the regenerator, the balance of theWaste gas leaving the flue and entering the regenerator thru the opening34, provided at the outer end. The ame is thus lengthened and theintensity of the heat at the outer end of the flue is reduced.

Where low heat value gas such as producer or blast furnace gas isavailable, the regulation of the long flame resulting therefrom permitsthe use of one or more tunnel nozzles and opening or openings at eachend of the flue. When using high heating value gas, such as thatproduced from high volatile coal making an intense, short flame, two ormore tunnel nozzles at each end may be used with suitable openingsconnecting the nozzles to the regenerators.

Having thus described the invention and its operation, it Will beunderstood that changes may be made in carrying the invention intoeffect, Without departing from the principle thereof.

What I claim is:

1. In a rectangular, sole-fired coke oven, provided with a plurality ofsole combustion flues, arranged under the sole of the oven for heatingit, and a plurality of re enerators connected With said flues for aternately supplying preheated air to opposite ends of each of saidflues, theV combination With the sole combustion flues of a plurality ofsupplementary. distributing means arranged in two sets Within each flueand communicably connected With the regenerators; each set adapted toalternately receive and supply a portion of the air from some of theregenerators to the flues and to receive and discharge Waste heat gasesfrom the said flues to the regenerators, and means for supplying gas toopposite sides ofthe combustion ues.

2. In a rectangular, sole-red coke oven provided With a plurality ofsole combustion flues arranged under the sole of the oven for heatingit, a plurality of regenerators for alternately supplying preheated airto said flues and a floor separating the regenerators from the fluesprovided With supplementary openings, the combination with said solecombustion flues of a plurality of distributing tunnel nozzles, the saidopenings and tunnel nozzles cooperating to supply a portion of thepreheated air from some of the regenerators to the flues and todischarge Waste heat gases from the saidflues to other regenerators.

3. In a rectangular, sole-fired coke oven, provided with sole combustionflues, regenerators beneath said flues, there being a pair ofregenerators for each combustion Hue, and a floor separating theregenerators from the flues, the said floor being provided withsupplementary openings, the combination with said flues of aplurality oftunnel nozzles, the said nozzles each comprising a sectional,open-bottom tunnel, each nozzle being closed at its front end and openat its rear end, the supplementary openings and nozzles cooperating tosupply a portion of the preheated air from one of the regenerators ofthe pair to its ue and to discharge Waste heat gases from the said flueto the other regenerator of the pair.

4. In a rectangu1a13'so1e-1'ired coke oven, provided with solecombustion flues, regenerators beneath s'aid lines', and a floor sepa-,rratin the regenerators from the ues,y the tom tunnels provided withsaid oor being provided with supplementary openings, the combinationwith said ues, of movable tunnel nozzles, the said nozzles eachcomprising one orI more sectional, open-botauxiliary openings, eachnozzle being closed at its front end and open at its rear end, thesupplementar openlngs and nozzles cooperating to supp y a portion of thepreheated air from some of the regenerators discharge Waste heat gasesto other regenerators.

from the said lues In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to thisspecification.

ALEXANDER S. KNOWLES.

to the lines and to e

